area of up to 410,000 square

The Irrawaddy is a through-flowing river, dating back to the late Oligocene, comprising upper, central, and lower parts that cover an area of up to 410,000 square kilometres. As the monsoons present, where 70% of its freshwater discharge occurs, which imposes floods on the river, it was less intense than it is nowadays as the topography is less prone to flooding due to vast floodplains, geological structure, and gentle slopes throughout its path, and dense vegetation in its vulnerable upper part. Nonetheless, in recent years, the floods of the Irrawaddy have become more severeand frequent. Exceeding the natural factors, but the result of environmental degradation, governance errors, conflicts, and climate change, forcefully triggers the destructive floods of the Irrawaddy. หนังใหม่2025